There has been a recent resurgence of interest among state actors and an increasing number of private stakeholders in the exploration and commercialisation of space. This renewed activity has resulted in a number of security issues and challenges. The present study not only examines the role of satellites as critical infrastructures indispensable for the functioning of modern societies but also addresses some of the problems associated with space debris. It also focusses on space weapons and the growing risks they pose to space objects and emphasise the importance of further developing international law with regard to space security. Finally, the study takes a look at ways of safeguarding German and European interests in space.