This study examines the lessons that can be drawn from existing arms control regimes for governance in the field of geoengineering. It explains the different political incentive structures with regard to geoengineering and emissions reduction, presents geoengineering methods, identifies existing governance building blocks, and concludes that at least arms control regimes in the field of weapons of mass destruction do not provide blueprints for successful geoengineering governance. The challenges facing geoengineering governance are, rather, similar to those encountered in arms control relating to conventional dual-use technologies – an area in which little regulatory progress has been made for years.